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Glossary: R
Rabies post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP)
Treatments that aim to prevent the development of rabies in a person who has been bitten or scratched by a potentially rabid animal. This includes receiving rabies immunoglobulin (a blood product containing rabies antibodies) and/or a series of rabies vaccines, so that the person’s body mounts an immune response against the rabies virus that may be present.
Rate (Unadjusted or Crude)
Total number of events (e.g., deaths, births, hospitalizations) divided by the total population for a given time period and geography.
If one is interested in knowing the true event rates in a particular geographic area then unadjusted or crude rate should be used instead of age standardized rate.
Residential Instability
This measure refers to area-level concentrations of people who experience high rates of family or housing instability. The indicators included in this dimension measure the types and density of residential accommodations, as well as certain family structure characteristics such as proportion of the population who are single/ divorced/ widowed. It is one of the components of the Ontario Marginalization Index 1
1. Matheson, FI; Ontario Agency for Health Protection and Promotion (Public Health Ontario). 2016 Ontario marginalization index: user guide. Toronto, ON: Providence St. Joseph’s and St. Michael’s Healthcare; 2018. Joint publication with Public Health Ontario. Available from: https://www.publichealthontario.ca/en/eRepository/userguide-on-marg.pdf
Respiratory Diseases
‘Chronic respiratory diseases are chronic diseases of the airways and other parts of the lung. Some of the most common are asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), lung cancer, cystic fibrosis, sleep apnea and occupational lung diseases. Respiratory diseases affect all ages-children, teens, adults and seniors.’ Public Health Agency of Canada 2011 http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/cd-mc/crd-mrc/index-eng.php
Respiratory infections
Respiratory infections usually effect the lungs and other parts of the breathing system. Some respiratory diseases, like tuberculosis or blastomycosis, can cause infections in other parts of the body as well. Respiratory infections can be spread from an infected person to others through coughing, sneezing, or prolonged face-to-face interactions.
Rural Area
Rural areas (RAs) include all territory lying outside population centres. Taken together, population centres and rural areas cover all of Canada. Rural population also includes all population living in rural areas of cities such as the City of London, as well as population living in rural areas outside of cities1
1.Statistics Canada. Population Centre and Rural Area Classification 2016 [Internet]. Ottawa. Ministry of Industry; 2017 Feb 8. Available from: www.statcan.gc.ca/eng/subjects/standard/pcrac/2016/introduction