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Glossary:
Social Competence domain
Assesses children’s readiness to explore new things, their approaches to learning, the amount of responsibility and respect they show, and their overall social competence.1
1. Offord Centre for Child Studies. EDI in Ontario over Time [Internet]. Hamilton, ON: McMaster University, 2018 [cited 2019 Mar 26]. Available from: https://edi.offordcentre.com/wp/wp-content/uploads/2018/02/EDI-in-Ontari...
Special Air Quality Statement (SAQS)
A Special Air Quality Statement (SAQS) is issued when a high or very high risk AQHI rating is expected for one to two hours on a given day.
Standard Drink Size
A standard drink is 13.6 g of alcohol, which translates into 5 oz of 12% wine, 1.5 oz of 40% distilled alcohol (rye, gin, rum, etc.), or 12 oz of 5% beer.
Standardized Hospitalization Ratio (SHR)
Actual number of hospitalizations in the Middlesex-London population divided by the number of hospitalizations expected if the population had the same age and sex specific rates as the population of Ontario.
Standardized Hospitalization Ratio Interpretation (SHR)
- An SHR of 1 indicates that, after adjusting for the effect of differences in age and sex structure between the geographic areas, the hospitalization rate in Middlesex-London is the same as the rate for Ontario.
- An SHR of greater than 1 indicates that, after adjusting for the effect of differences in age and sex structure between the geographic areas, there is a higher hospitalization rate in Middlesex-London than in Ontario.
- An SHR of less than 1 indicates that, after adjusting for the effect of differences in age or sex structure between the geographic areas, there is a lower hospitalization rate in Middlesex-London than in Ontario.
- The vertical black line above and below the dot indicates the upper and lower confidence intervals. When the confidence interval does not cross 1, the difference between the rate for Middlesex-London and Ontario is statistically significant.
Standardized Mortality Ratio (SMR)
Actual number of deaths in the Middlesex-London population divided by the number of deaths expected if the population had the same age and sex specific mortality rates as the population of Ontario.
Standardized Mortality Ratio (SMR) Interpretation
- An SMR of 1 indicates that, after adjusting for the effect of differences in age and sex structure between the geographic areas, the mortality rate in Middlesex-London is the same as the rate for Ontario.
- An SMR of greater than 1 indicates that, after adjusting for the effect of differences in age and sex structure between the geographic areas, there is a higher mortality rate in Middlesex-London than in Ontario.
- An SMR of less than 1 indicates that, after adjusting for the effect of differences in age or sex structure between the geographic areas, there is a lower mortality rate in Middlesex-London than in Ontario.
- The vertical black line above and below the dot indicates the upper and lower confidence intervals. When the confidence interval does not cross 1, the difference between the rate for Middlesex-London and Ontario is statistically significant.
Statistical Significance
A difference between two estimates which is statistically significant indicates that it is very unlikely to have occurred due to chance alone.
Stillbirth rate
The number of births that are stillborn per 1,000 births (live or still).
Stress
Can be normal in response to certain pressures and demands that occur in everyday life. Chronic stress can lead to poor health including mental health problems and medical issues.1
1. Centre for Addiction and Mental Health [Internet]. Toronto (ON): Centre for Addiction and Mental Health; c2019. Stress [cited 2019 May 28]; [About 5 screens]. Available from: https://www.camh.ca/en/health-info/mental-illness-and-addiction-index/st...
Stroke
A type of cerebrovascular disease that occurs when blood stops flowing to any part of the brain, which causes damage to the brain cells.1
1. Australian Bureau of Statistics. Stroke [Internet]. Canberra, NSW: Commonwealth of Australia; 2017 [cited 2019 Sep 26]. Available from: https://www.abs.gov.au/ausstats/abs@.nsf/Lookup/by%20Subject/3303.0~2015~Main%20Features~Stroke~10003
Struck by or against
This category of injuries includes being struck by a falling object, such as a rock. Sport equipment such as a ball or hockey stick are also included as well as situations where people run into other objects such as a wall. It does not include assault, intentional self-harm, collisions with other people or being struck by a car as a pedestrian.
Sulphur Dioxide
Sulphur Dioxide (SO2) is a gaseous oxide that results from the combustion of sulphur containing fossil fuels and also from the smelting of sulphur containing ores. Typically SO2 is emitted from electrical utilities and other industrial facilities. Sulphur dioxide is also a precursor to sulphate aerosols, commonly contained within fine and ultrafine particulate matter, and to the formation of acid rain.
Syphilis categories
A syphilis infection is categorized as primary, secondary, early latent, late latent or tertiary depending on the amount of time since the initial infection and the presenting symptoms. During the primary, secondary and early latent stages, syphilis infections can be spread to others. Late latent and tertiary infections cannot spread to others but may lead to significant health problems for the infected individual.
Teenage pregnancy
Pregnancy in women aged 15 to 19.
The Labour Force
People over the age of 15 years who are currently employed and those who are unemployed but were available to start work in the week prior to the Census and looked for work in the past 4 weeks. It excludes anyone who may have been without a job and was not actively looking for work.
Total Dependency Ratio
Number of people aged 65 years and older and children under the age of 20 divided by the number of people aged 20 to 64
Total Fertility Rate
The average number of children that would be born per woman if all women lived to the end of their childbearing years and bore children according to the age-specific fertility rates for that area and period.
Treaty Indian
A First Nations person with status under the Indian Act, that signed a treaty with the Crown, or a person of Aboriginal ancestry who holds treaty status under the Federal Indian Act.
Tuberculosis (TB) – active and latent infections
Active tuberculosis (TB) infection means that TB bacteria are present in a person’s body and are growing and causing symptoms. If the active TB infection is the lungs or other parts of the airway, it can be spread to other people. A latent TB infection means that TB bacteria are present in a person’s body, but his/her immune system is able to prevent the TB bacteria from growing. Individuals with latent TB infection are not able to spread TB to others.